8620 Steel vs 1018 Steel – What’s the Difference

8620 Steel vs 1018 Steel

Steel is commonly used in construction, manufacturing, and engineering projects. However, not all steel is created equal, and different types of steel have unique properties that make them better suited for different applications. Two types of steel that are often compared are 8620 and 1018. If you’re trying to decide which steel to use for your next project, read about the differences between these materials.

Difference Between 8620 Steel and 1018 Steel

Chemical Composition:

The main difference between 8620 and 1018 steel is their chemical composition. 8620 steel is an alloy steel that contains nickel, chromium, and molybdenum. These additional elements give it greater strength and durability, making it an excellent choice for high-stress applications. On the other hand, 1018 steel is a carbon steel that contains only iron and carbon, making it a more affordable and easy-to-work-with option.

Strength and Hardness:

Due to its greater content of alloying elements, 8620 steel is significantly stronger and harder than 1018 steel. The tensile strength of 8620 steel is around 530 MPa, while the tensile strength of 1018 steel is only around 420 MPa. Similarly, 8620 steel has a Rockwell hardness of 60, while 1018 steel has only 69.

Machinability:

While 8620 steel is stronger and harder than 1018 steel, it is also more difficult to machine. This is because the alloying elements in 8620 steel make it tougher and more cutting-resistant. In contrast, 1018 steel has a high level of machinability, meaning it can be easily cut, drilled, and shaped.

Cost:

Cost is another factor to consider when comparing 8620 and 1018 steel. 8620 steel is usually more expensive than 1018 steel due to its higher content of alloying elements. However, this cost is often justified by the increased strength and durability of the material, making it a more cost-effective choice in the long run.

Applications:

Finally, the choice between 8620 and 1018 steel will depend largely on the specific application. 8620 steel is typically used in applications where strength, toughness, and durability are critical, such as in gears, axles, and crankshafts. In contrast, 1018 steel is often used in applications where ease of machining and cost are more important than strength, such as in bolts, screws, and pins.

Conclusion:

In summary, 8620 and 1018 steel are two distinct materials with their unique properties. While 8620 steel is stronger and more durable, it is also more difficult to machine and expensive. On the other hand, 1018 steel is more affordable and easier to work with but less strong or hard than 8620 steel. Ultimately, the choice between these two materials will depend on the specific needs of your project and the tradeoffs you are willing to make between cost, strength, and ease of machining.

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