Metals are important in many industries, such as aerospace, chemical processing, and petrochemical. Two types of alloys commonly used in high-temperature and corrosive environments are Incoloy 800 and SS 310. While they share some similarities, they also have distinct properties that suit them for different applications. This blog post will explore the differences between Incoloy 800 and SS 310 and their respective uses.
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Difference Between Incoloy 800 and SS 310
Chemical Composition
Incoloy 800 is a nickel-iron-chromium alloy with a high content of nickel (30-35%) and lower carbon (Max 0.1%) and manganese (Max 1.5%) than SS 310. It also contains copper, titanium, and aluminium for better resistance to oxidation and carburization at high temperatures. In contrast, SS 310 is a chromium-nickel alloy with less nickel (20-25%), higher carbon (Max 0.08%), and more manganese (Max 2.0%) than Incoloy 800. It also has a small amount of silicon and sulfur for improved machinability. The difference in chemical composition affects the alloy’s mechanical and metallurgical properties, which determine its performance in different environments.
Temperature Resistance
Both Incoloy 800 and SS 310 are designed to resist high temperatures and thermal cycling. Still, Incoloy 800 can withstand higher temperatures (Up to 870°C – 1575°F) than SS 310 (Up to 1095°C – 2000°F). Additionally, Incoloy 800 has better creep and rupture strength, making it a popular choice for furnace parts, heat exchangers, and thermal processing equipment. SS 310 is preferred for high-temperature applications requiring rapid heating and cooling, such as kilns, annealing, and quenching.
Corrosion Resistance
Incoloy 800 is highly resistant to corrosion in both acidic and alkaline environments, including sulfuric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid. It is also resistant to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in seawater and other chloride-containing solutions. SS 310, on the other hand, has good corrosion resistance to acid and alkaline solutions with low chloride content. It also resists oxidation, scaling, and carburization in air and high-temperature gases containing sulfur and carbon compounds. Apart from that, SS 310 is also resistant to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and other sulfur compounds commonly found in the oil and gas industry.
Weldability
Incoloy 800 and SS 310 can be welded using conventional methods such as TIG, MIG, and SMAW. However, Incoloy 800 has better weldability and lower carbon content, which reduces the risk of sensitization and intergranular corrosion. On the other hand, SS 310 may require pre- and post-weld heat treatment to prevent cracking and intergranular corrosion caused by carbide precipitation.
Cost and Availability
The difference in cost and availability is important when choosing between Incoloy 800 and SS 310. Incoloy 800 is generally more expensive than SS 310 due to its high nickel content. In addition, Incoloy 800 is not readily available in all sizes and forms, requiring longer lead time and customized orders. In contrast, SS 310 is more widely available and lower in cost, although its cost may increase with the size and complexity of the product.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the choice between Incoloy 800 and SS 310 depends on various factors, such as temperature, corrosion resistance, weldability, and cost. Incoloy 800 is ideal for high-temperature applications requiring good corrosion resistance, while SS 310 is suitable for rapid heating and cooling and applications with sulfur and carbon compounds. Both alloys offer distinctive properties that make them valuable in different industries. Thus, consulting with a reliable supplier or metallurgical expert is important to determine the best fit for your application.
