Stainless steel is a popular choice of material for various applications thanks to its excellent corrosion and heat resistance, durability, and low maintenance. When choosing stainless steel, it’s essential to understand the differences between the many different types available. Two popular stainless steel alloys are 410 and 18-8. In this article, we’ll discuss their differences and help you choose which one to use for your project.
Difference Between Stainless Steel 410 and 18-8
Chemical Composition:
Stainless Steel 410 is a martensitic stainless steel that contains 11.5% to 13.5% chromium. It’s also a low-alloy steel that contains carbon, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, and silicon. Stainless Steel 18-8, conversely, is an austenitic stainless steel containing 18% chromium and 8% nickel. It’s also referred to as 304 stainless steel. The main difference between the two alloys is the chemical composition, which determines its properties and performance.
Hardness and Strength:
Stainless Steel 410 is a strong steel used for making tools, machine parts, and valves. It has a Rockwell hardness of about 40C and an ultimate tensile strength of 65,000 psi. Stainless Steel 18-8 has a lower hardness and strength than 410, with a Rockwell hardness of 70B and an ultimate tensile strength of 70,000 psi. It’s used for applications that require resistance to corrosion and high-temperature environments.
Corrosion Resistance:
Stainless Steel 410 is resistant to corrosion but not as resistant as 18-8. It’s more resistant to corrosion in freshwater and steam but less resistant to corrosive acids, alkalis, and saltwater. On the other hand, stainless Steel 18-8 is highly resistant to corrosion in most environments, including acidic, alkaline, and salty environments. It’s the ideal choice for food, chemical, and marine applications.
Heat Resistance:
Stainless Steel 410 has excellent heat resistance, making it ideal for applications that require high-temperature strength and durability. It retains its strength and ductility even at high temperatures, making it an excellent choice for industrial equipment, automotive parts, and turbine blades. Stainless Steel 18-8 has lower heat resistance than 410, but it’s still suitable for applications that don’t require high-temperature resistance.
Cost:
Stainless Steel 410 is generally less expensive than 18-8, making it a cost-effective choice for applications without corrosion resistance and strength 18 8. It’s an affordable alternative to expensive alloys, such as nickel-based alloys. Stainless Steel 18-8 is more expensive, but it’s worth the investment for applications that require excellent corrosion resistance, strength, durability, and heat resistance.
Conclusion:
Stainless steel is an excellent choice of material for various applications, and it’s essential to know the differences between the many types available. We hope this article has helped you understand the differences between Stainless Steel 410 and 18-8. The choice between the two alloys depends on the specific requirements of your application, such as corrosion resistance, strength, heat resistance, and cost. Need more guidance? Contact a stainless steel fabrication expert who can help you make an informed decision based on your needs.
